What are the Problems for Students in Writing The First Research Paper in a Second Language?

In this paper, I have mentioned the problems faced by students in writing the first research paper and solution of these problems. There are a lot of students who have the ability to write the research paper, but due to the lack of guidance and not familiar with the format and the process of writing a research paper, they are unable to write this type of academic work. So I have mentioned in this study the different types of problems and their solution. In this paper, I deal with lots of problems but major problems are eight. The first thing I deal in this study is the problem in selecting the research topic, what type of topic can be selected at the student level? And how can choose a topic? Secondly, how to write the introduction? And problems in writing the introduction. Thirdly, problems in writing the literature review and rules of writing the literature review, fourthly the format of a research paper. Second language problem which is a major problem in writing a research paper; students are much worried to face this problem. The fifty percent students of second language having problems in writing the research papers. I have mentioned the problem of plagiarism, paraphrase and the starting point of a research paper. I have collected the data from universities. I have organized two tests in order to collect the data. This study will be very helpful for the beginner researchers.


Introduction
In this paper, I deal with those problems which are faced by student in wringing their first research paper. I deal with different types of problems in process and format. Firstly, I deal with the problem in selecting the research topic, what type of topic can be selected at the student level? And how can choose the topic? And the solution to the problems which are faced in choosing the topic? Secondly, I deal with how to write the introduction? And problems in writing the introduction and their effective solution for Introduction of a research paper, students do not know what things can be added in the Introduction section. There are the main three things to be discussed in your Introduction section of the research paper. And thirdly I deal how to write a literature review? Problems in writing the literature review and rules of writing the literature review. Fourthly, I deal with the format of research paper and guideline problems in writing a research paper. Fifthly, I deal with the second language problem, which is a major problem in writing a research paper; students are much worried to take this problem. The fifty percent students of second language having problems in writing research papers. This type of problem has not a magic role to solve it, but I deal with this problem. Sixthly, I deal with the Plagiarism, the students who are writing their research paper often raise questions about plagiarism, how many words we need to change in a sentence to avoid the plagiarism, the answer is that there are no great words or phrases to add in a sentence to make the idea of your own, and real-word needs real opinions. I deal with www.ijohmn.com 47 different type of mistakes which are very common in students. Seventhly, I deal with paraphrase as we all know that most of the students often raise the questions about the paraphrase the ideas of authors in order to avoid the plagiarism in their work which is a second major problem in students. Students often raise the questions about how much words we can change to avoid the plagiarism, another problem faced by students. Eighthly and the last thing I deal in this paper is the Starting point of a research paper as we know the format of the research paper, means, the things come in position-wise in this paper,

For instance
Here is a list of the things that will come from start to end; these are the positions of Introduction

Methodology
In the methodology section, I deal with population and sample, research design, research questions and instrument used in data collection procedure.

Research Design
My research design is descriptive and it is problem-solving research. In this paper, I used a table to show the percentage of the problem.

Population and Sample
The population of my study is not only the graduate level students but the master level also who are writing the research paper in a second language and their first time. I took two hundred students as a sample from Govt. University and Punjab University.  Here are some other common mistakes, Students don't dedicate their whole paper in the abstract because of lack of knowledge, if we take two lines from every section of the research paper, in this way we can wholly interpret the research paper, the condition is that you have to choose those two lines which qualify each section lucidly, and another mistakes are this. Sometimes a student gives the explanation in Abstract, which is not qualifying the subject. Hypotheses are not clearly show in the research paper.

Problems in Paraphrase
At the stage of graduation, it's time for the students to search out new things using their own abilities, especially in research writing (Colwell 2011). It is a great dare for those students who write a skillful research paper on the graduate level. This stage is to make a student developing their conceptual study. Mei-Ching Ho, 2013 mentioned that there are a lot of problems faced by graduate-level students in writing a research paper, including grammar, punctuation, data sources and they do not know how much explanation can be included in the research paper. Firstly, they do not have any clear idea that how to get relevant material (Literature Review) about that topic, after getting data very difficultly from different places, students do not have the knowledge about paraphrase, it is very helpful to get the ideas from the previous researcher's work and rewrite these ideas using their own wording to develop your research. Writing has two types of material; one is quotations and the second is paraphrase. The quotations are foremost things in your academic writing and students much use paraphrase in the papers, paraphrase takes a lot time but it will show either they understand the author's point of view or not. Yulia (2012) mentioned that he student who is a beginner in writing research the paper he needs to understand the paraphrase (how to write), otherwise, he will be in critical problems of Plagiarism, suppose you become a teacher and you are not known at all to paraphrase, you are an exemplar for you disciple, how to can motivate to your disciples? The paraphrase is the very masterly thing which is not found in every student. If we want to become a good researcher we need to become an expert in paraphrase otherwise, we will not become a good researcher because most students haven't ability to solve this problem easily, as we know that a paraphrase is a translating of the author's ideas in your own words. If you change some words from a sentence and you are thinking I am getting paraphrase, so it is not a legal way of paraphrasing. The student should change totally formation of the sentence as well as the words

1: Major Mistakes in paraphrase
There are eight main mistakes which are done by students in paraphrase, 1: Not deeply reading the ideas of authors, 2: adding a lot of as it is, 3: not adding key points, 4: adding belief, 5: concise rather than paraphrase, 6 using unsuitable words in paraphrase, 7: giving a lot of detail or closing idea, 8: and not saving the record.

Plagiarism in writing
Plagiarism has two categories first, copy data from other researcher's work and paste into your research paper. This type of data undoubtedly identities of plagiarism so, in the first papers of graduate-level students this type of mistakes are frequent and the other one category of plagiarism is minor changing in the words. According to Ozturk (2011) if we want to write good paraphrase, we need to understand the ideas of an author not just changing the synonyms of the words. Faulty understanding creates substandard paraphrasing. E. Powers 2015) mentioned that if the students are writing in the English language and English is not their native language, so there are a lot of problems in front of them while writing the paraphrase and student have not full command on that language and they become nervous and copy the data of previous researchers and paste it in their research paper to keep away from the grammar mistakes and finally, their research paper falls into plagiarism.
According to Ozturk (2011) those students who are writing their research paper often raise questions about plagiarism, how many words we need to change in a sentence to avoid the plagiarism, the answer is that there is no great words are phrase to add in a sentence to make the idea your own and real word needs real opinions.
The great and chief principle to avoid the plagiarism is giving the references at the end of the research paper, you need to write the last name author, publish year and the title of the research paper. The most important thing to discuss is the most students do not check their papers after completing it. There are lots of ways to check plagiarism such as a Quetext and WriteChecker, before submitting your paper to your teacher in order to check plagiarism, don't miss to first check plagiarism yourself.

Second Language Problem
Öztürk (2011), Singh (2015) they have similar opinion that the major thing behind the research paper is to develop the self-motivation in the graduate-level students. The research paper writing is a vital role for graduate-level students. The literature review is not difficult to write but two parts of the research paper is difficult first is an introduction and second is discussion because in literature review, we just take the ideas for our research paper but in the introduction and discussions we analyze the data, but that the language we are using, if it will be the second language (not in the mother tongue) so, it creates difficulty in writing. The fifty percent students of second language having problems in writing research papers but some students are skillful in vocabulary but they are weak in using right words in a research paper. When we write a research paper in the second language it is very difficult. The mostly student covert data from their mother tongue to second language and not provides clear ideas of authors. If the student will choose the topic, which is well known to them and cultural, it will solve their second language problem. The great role in writing any research paper is good guider. So, students need a good guide in writing their first research paper.
Chien, 2015 Nadia 2014, they have similar opinion that the students who are writing a research paper in second language, they have some kind of problems lack of knowledge and vocabulary. They cannot use good words to write their ideas and thoughts, therefore sometimes they have good ideas and thoughts but they have not good words to express these ideas in appropriate vocabulary, grammar and syntax. The main issue for the second language student is tense, articles and propositions. They cannot create cohesion and coherence in their work.
The students who are actually ESL, do not know the collocation and connotation writing (Colwell 2011). This stage is to make student for developing their conceptual study, but students face problems in paraphrase. There are eight main mistakes which are done by students in paraphrase, 1: Not deeply reading the ideas of authors, 2: adding a lot of as it is, 3: not adding key points, 4: adding belief, 5: concise rather than paraphrase, 6 using unsuitable words in paraphrase, 7: giving a lot of detail or closing idea, 8: and not saving the record.
The students who are writing their research paper often raise questions about plagiarism.
There is no great words are phrase to add in a sentence to make the idea your own, and realword needs real opinions The great and chief principle to avoid the plagiarism is giving the references at the end of the research paper, you need to write the last name author, publish year and the title of the research. There is another problem faced by students in writing research paper is second language problem. The fifty percent students of second language having problems in writing research papers but some students are skillful in vocabulary, but they are weak in using the right words in a research paper

Methodology
The major focus of the Methodology is to describe research methods which were used in data collection. I explain the research questions, objective, population and sampling.
Research questions 1: What are the problems for students in writing the first research paper in a second language? a.
How to write a good research paper?
Objectives My research paper focuses on the problems which are faced by students in writing the first research paper, especially to those students who are writing in the second language

Data presentation
This Even some of the students do not know about what literature review is. They have problem in writing an abstract, and in major problem is methodology section.

Discussion and Conclusion
The major purpose of this study is to show the problems of the students which they have faced in writing the first research paper and also the solution to that problem. The data were collected from two different universities (Punjab University and GC University Faisalabad). According to the test performance of the students which has no knowledge about the basic things of the research, for example, the format of a research paper, how to start? How to give the end? How can get the literature review? Some students start their research paper from the abstract. Students have shown the problems of plagiarism, even one student of M.A English says: "I cannot solve the problem of plagiarism and I could not find out the much relevant data" students add the URLs links in the paper which is also against the rule of a research paper. Some students just use the synonyms while borrowing the ideas of Authors in order to avoid the plagiarism, the can solve the problems of the plagiarism but their material could not about to show the real idea which researcher want to convey.
Fifty percent of students use the whole name of authors in order to give the references which are against the rule of the APA research format Thirty percent students did not start their paper from the literature review. The very common and major problem of the research is writing the research in the second language and eighty percent students fall in this problem. By summing up my case I will say that some of the students who appeared in my test, they have shared with me that they faced these problems and commit these mistakes, after writing a first research paper they become familiar about all these things which they faced. The purpose of a researcher is not only showing the problems of research but to give the solution of these problems because beginner will not become hopeless that they are not able to write the paper. It is the duty of the teachers to guide the students for this type of academic work. Some of the students are very intelligent but they need just guidance. They have the ability to write this type of academic work but they cannot do because of guidance.